albinism

 

A brief summary

• A genetic disorder is complete or partial in the body of melanin from the body.
• Signs on skin, hair, eye color, and eye problems appear its first mark.
• The injured is more likely to burn sun and skin cancer.
• There is no treatment; But the people can take the steps necessary to protect the skin and enhance vision.
• You should go to the genetic consultant to discuss genetic conditions.

introduction

• A rare genetic disorder is not contagious. It also lasts for life, and it does not get worse over time, the people with it are often pale, and there are many types of alchemy, and people can be affected by different degrees.

Other names for the disease

• Albanian - lepers - Albino.

Types of possibilities

Species mainly depend on the causative gene, which includes

• The optical leather (the most common): which affects the skin, hair and eyes, and contains 4 types.
• Vaspochet: which mainly affects the eyes only; Which leads to vision problems.
• The associated with rare disorders (such as: Shadaq Higashi syndrome, Hermanski Podlak).

Causes

• The possibility occurs due to a mutation in the genes, which leads to the lack of melanin (a natural substance in the body that gives a color to the skin, hair, iris) at all or decreased its quantity in the body.

Risk factors

Because the disease is hereditary; So the threat of the thunder is on the following categories

• Children of parents with tubes.
• Children of relatives with scum.
• Parents who carry the causative gene; But they are not infected with it.

Symptoms

• Signs of skin, hair and eye color usually appear, however all people suffer from vision problems.
• The hair color ranges from white to brown including yellow, red (the exact color depends on the amount of melanin produced by the body).
• Pink skin, and some skin color may not change.
• Paul, gray or brown eyes where it depends on the type of dignity and the amount of melanin, and may change with age.
• The rapid involuntary movement of the eyes (nystagmus).
• squint.
• Extremely nearsightedness, vision, or lack of vision.
• Light sensitivity (light phobia).
• When do you have to see a doctor?
• When noticing the loss of hair color (including eyelashes and eyebrows) or a child's skin at birth.
• For some children, when noticing a habitat in the eyes.
• When there is an infection or bleeding from the injured nose or bruises.
• When observing any skin changes, it may be an early sign of skin cancer.

Complications

• Sunburn.
• melanoma.
• Blindness.
• Social and emotional factors

Diagnosis

• Clinical examination.
• Eye checks.
• Electrical diagnostic tests such as muscle electrical planning.

Treatment

Because the disease is hereditary, the treatment is limited. Also, most people with it do not suffer health problems; But there are precautions aimed at relieving symptoms, and this depends on the severity of this disorder as it includes

• Avoid exposure to sunlight and protect the skin and eyes from it.
• Glasses to correct vision problems and eye position.
• Performing muscle surgery to correct abnormal eye movement (nystagmus).

Prevention

• Because a genetic state, genetic advice is important; Therefore, people with a family history of the disease must go to the genetic consultant for support and discuss genetic conditions.

Guidelines for people with scam

• Make sure the annual examination of the eyes.
• Ensure an annual leather evaluation of both children and adults.
• Reducing the risk of sunburn by avoiding the sun.
• Wear protective clothes including long -sleeved shirts, long pants and wide edges.
• Use sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF).
• Make sure to protect the eye by wearing sunglasses.

Common questions

• Does a wicked person decrease his immunity and infection frequently?
• Not true, as most people are healthy.
• What is the difference between vulnerable and vitiligo?

The vocabulary differs from vitiligo according to the following table

• Drainage
• Vitiligo
• Genetic disorder is present at the time of birth.
• Estessted autoimmune disorder and begins to appear after birth.
• Stable does not spread or improve
• It can improve or worsen with treatment.

It has two types

• A type that affects all areas that contain melanin in the body, including eyes, retina, skin and hair.
• A type that only affects the eyes
• It begins as an incomplete disorder and can take different forms.
• It results from a biochemical defect in making melanin
• It results from the destruction of the autoimmune of the cells producing meters

Misconception

• The infected has a mental disability.
• Truth: Anti -disease does not cause delay in growth or mental disability.