Alopecia

 

Alopecia

• A non -infectious immune skin condition, causing hair loss, and appears in the form of circular or oval spots free of hair in the scalp or other places without any scars or signs, and this means that there is no permanent damage to the hair follicles in most infected people, and the hair often grows in the affected areas, and the hair growth may take months, as this can happen at any age, but most patients suffer from them during the years of adolescence and thirties, thirties, thirties, thirties, thirties And when the injury occurs in children under the age of 10, the places of infection become more spacious and sophisticated.

Types of alopecia

• The macular alopecia (the most common): hair loss is in the form of one or more spot on the scalp or other parts of the body.
• The beard alopecia: the hair loss is in the form of spots in the beard area.
• Total alopecia: hair loss in the scalp is completely.
• Comprehensive alopecia (rare): a complete or almost complete hair loss occurs in the scalp, face and the rest of the body.

the reason

• It occurs when the immune system of hair follicles is accidentally attacked, causing hair loss. There are several factors that lead to the appearance of the disease, but the cause is not yet known.

Persons with alopecia are more likely

• Another disease of autoimmune diseases (such as: thyroid or vitiligo).
• Asthma and allergies, especially eczema and straw fever (allergic rhinitis).
• The family history of a relative infection (especially before the thirty) increases the risk of infection.

Symptoms

Hair loss is its first signs, as it usually begins in the scalp, and it may also happen in the beard, eyebrows, eyelashes, arms or legs, as it may include

• Sudden bald stains and take a round or oval shape.
• The bald stains have a smooth texture and free of hair.
• Alopecia can affect the nails of the hands or feet, as they appear in the form of scratches, white spots, roughness, or lose their shine, and the nails change or fall.

When do you have to visit the doctor?

• When hair loss suddenly observes and the appearance of bald spots, as sudden hair loss can indicate a medical condition that requires treatment.

Treatment

There is no final treatment for this disease, as the result of the treatment depends on the response of the immune system, and the hair often grows on its own, but there are medications that help reduce and control the disease, as it also helps in the hair growth more quickly, and from these medications, and from these medications, and from these drugs

• Corticosteroids: anti -inflammatory, as it is sometimes in the form of cream, local injection, or topical ointment placed on the skin.
• Corticosteroid pills: It is not routinely described; Because it has serious side effects.
• Topical minoxidil for hair reg or growth.
• The patient often often gets more than one treatment to get effective results.

Prevention

• The injury cannot be prevented, but it can be controlled by following health guidelines.

Guidelines for people with alopecia

• Comb the hair with a brush with soft bristles or a wide -tooth comb to gently style hair.
• Avoid hair and skin products that contain harmful chemicals (such as: hair dyes).
• Let the hair dry naturally instead of using a hair dryer or any other dryer that uses heat.
• Making comfortable hairstyles or "hairstyles", because tight hairstyles (such as: braids) can affect the scalp, causing further hair loss.
• Use a sunscreen with a SPF 30 or higher, waterproof, and place it over the alopecia of the scalp.
• Wear medical or solar glasses to protect the eyes from the sun and dust when losing eyebrows or eyelashes.
• Wear hats to protect the scalp from the sun.
• Protect the affected areas from cold temperatures, by maintaining warmth with hats and scarves.
• Apply a layer of moisturizing petroleum jelly inside the nasal openings when losing nose hair; To protect from dust, germs and small particles portable in the air.
• Try to avoid stress as much as possible.
• Obtaining the medical examinations recommended by the doctor